23 Jul 2024 | 09:20 AM UTC
Costa Rica: Elevated dengue fever activity reported in multiple areas in July
Elevated dengue fever activity reported in multiple areas in Costa Rica in July. Avoid mosquito bites.
Health authorities have reported elevated dengue fever activity in multiple areas across Costa Rica, with 14,998 cases reported Jan. 1-July 16. This is compared to 3,329 cases reported during a similar period in 2023. The Central Pacific region is most at risk, reporting 512 cases per 100,000 population at risk. Cantons reporting the highest number of dengue fever cases include Alajuela, Buenos Aires, San Carlos, Turrialba, San Jose, Osa, Puntarenas, Atenas, Corredores, Santa Ana, and Jimenez. Health authorities urge the public to take preventive measures, such as clearing containers that can accumulate water, covering storage tanks, turning over boats, and recycling or reusing materials that can accumulate water. This report represents the most complete data available as of July 23.
If you have previously been infected with dengue fever, consult with your physician regarding vaccination. Avoid mosquito bites and remove standing water to reduce the number of biting mosquitoes. Seek medical attention if symptoms develop within two weeks of being in affected areas. Do not use aspirin or ibuprofen products if dengue fever is suspected, as these could exacerbate bleeding tendencies associated with the disease.
Dengue fever is a nationwide, year-round risk in Costa Rica, with the risk of infection typically highest May-October in urban and coastal areas. Costa Rican health authorities reported roughly 30,649 dengue fever cases nationwide in 2023, 7,485 cases in 2022, 5,174 cases in 2021, and 10,056 cases in 2020.
Dengue fever is transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. Risk of infection is often highest in urban and semi-urban areas. Symptoms of dengue fever include a sudden onset of fever and at least one of the following: severe headache, severe pain behind the eyes, muscle and/or joint pain, rash, easy bruising, and/or nose or gum bleeding. Symptoms typically appear 5-7 days after being bitten, but can develop up to 10 days after exposure. Dengue fever can progress to a more severe form known as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). DHF can be fatal if it is not recognized and treated in a timely manner. There are two dengue fever vaccines, Dengvaxia (CYD-TDV) and Qdenga (TAK-003). Dengvaxia is only recommended for individuals with a history of dengue infection and who live in dengue-endemic countries or areas. Qdenga is recommended for use in children aged 6–16 in settings with high dengue burden and transmission intensity. Check with your healthcare provider if dengue vaccination is needed.
